MAMA

YOUR MAMA

MAMA is a developing spatial practice to whom maintenance matters. This print is your selection of our reflexions presented in the form of a manual. Check our website for more.

Starting in 2015 with the these maintenance as craft, a critical approach of the notion of work to question our relationship with the environment, we believe that maintenance is architecture : an integral part of the designed and built environment that transforms it radically. To act accordingly, we ask ourselves what is maintained when we maintain and practice maintenance as a research method. We develop through storytelling, including research, drawings, writings, workshops, conferences, exhibitions and direct action. We do data analysis and image representation. From the maintenance industry to daily households, all over the wide spectrum of design, architecture and urbanism, MAMA calls for dinner.

mama.brussels info@mama.brussels

00103

Chain gangs are a group of inmates chained together and put to work outside the prison facility. In the USA, this practice became particularly …

00103

Chain gangs are a group of inmates chained together and put to work outside the prison facility. In the USA, this practice became particularly common with the signing of the 13th Amendment in 1865 that abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime.

Abolition, put in danger all the businesses that depended on slave labour. In order to respond to this labour crisis, inmates in some territories were put at the disposal of private individuals.

It is very rare but still possible to find chain gangs in the USA. More common is the use of inmates as labour force for public and private projects. Keeping roads and highways in good shape, fighting wildfires and gardening are among the tasks performed by prisoners.

slave prison USA gardening firefighter city cleaning infrastructure